The Internet has become a complex distributed network with numerous middle-boxes, where an end-to-end HTTP request is often processed by multiple intermediate servers before it reaches its destination. However, a general problem in this distributed …
DNS packets are designed to travel in unencrypted form through the Internet based on its initial standard. Recent discoveries show that real-world adversaries are actively exploiting this design vulnerability to compromise Internet users' security …
HTTP transparent proxies are widely deployed in mobile networks and can lead to potential security and privacy issues. HTTP traffic is increasingly subject to in-path manipulation, especially in cellular networks. Although the traffic manipulation …